荷兰亨格洛工业园区广场 |景观规划案例

Buro Lubbers：荷兰亨格洛工业园区广场，一个利用自然绿意、智慧水景及滑板公园将城市重新连接在一起的新公共场所，曾经灰暗的交通广场现在变成了一个充满活力的空间，成为了亨格罗市中心的新城市纽带。茂盛的植被和最先进的滑板公园使它与荷兰其他火车站广场相比而变得更加与众不同。它正清楚地向人们展示亨格罗作为一个包容性的城市正向可持续的未来迈进。
景观建筑建筑设计规划案例—荷兰亨格洛工业园区广场，一个设计利用自然绿意、智慧水景及滑板公园景观设计将城市规划设计重新连接在一起的新公共空间场所，曾经灰暗的交通广场现在变成了一个充满活力的设计空间，成为了亨格罗市中心的新城市规划设计纽带。茂盛的植被和最先进的滑板公园景观设计使它与荷兰其他火车站广场相比而变得更加与众不同。它正清楚地向参与者们展示亨格罗作为一个包容性的城市规划设计正向可生态可持续的未来迈进。

设计功能性难题 Functional puzzle
该工业区的彻底改造源自HartvanZuid地区的重新开发。在保留其工业遗产的同时，这个位于车站后方的城区正逐渐转变成一个可同时服务于市民生活和设计工作、教育和历史人文的活力城市规划设计区域。工业园区作为连接这个地区和老城中心之间的纽带，每天都有成千上万的参与者经过广场，这也是它有足够的潜力成为一个重要的参与者流和物流枢纽的重要原因。
但困难之处就在于，如何为这么多不同的用户和游客园林景观设计一个通用的广场，它不仅要常规的设计功能，满足日常交通，出租车通行，还要有合适的自行车停放处，当然也要考虑突出滑板公园景观设计怡参与者的气候和植被特色。
而这些难题都少不了公众支持。为此，园林景观设计设计公司在园林景观设计早期阶段，开展了与各种利益攸关方举行的会议，其中不乏出租车运营商、滑冰爱好者、水利和铁路等设计工作参与者员。他们所有的兴趣和愿景都被精心采纳并一一展现。现在的园区被园林景观设计成了由各种不规则的绿色碎片组成的正方形设计空间。这些绿色碎片区分了不同的设计功能区，并形成了进出车站入口的路径，最终形成了这样一个布局合理的安全广场，参与者性化地为参与者们提供不同的独立设计空间，或滑冰设计空间和交通设计功能，以园林景观建筑规划设计及平静愉快的放松旅游休闲文化场所。

The reason for the complete makeover of the Industrieplein is the redevelopment of the Hart van Zuid area. While preserving its industrial heritage, this city district at the rear of the station, is being transformed into a dynamic urban area for living and working, education and culture. The Industrieplein forms the link between this district and the old city center. Every day thousands of people pass the square on their way to school, work or the nearby music venue Metropool. Plenty of reason to convert the square into something more than a logistic hub.
But how do you design a square for so many different users and with such a large flow of visitors? Not only did the usual functions such as logical routing, a Kiss & Ride, a taxi rank and a bicycle shed had to be positioned on the square. A skate park, climate friendly vegetation and a new watercourse also deserved a prominent spot.
Creating space for all these users and functions was a complex puzzle. Public support was an important aim. That is why, at an early stage of the design process, meetings were held with various stakeholders: taxi operators, skaters, water- and railway authorities, etc. All their interests and wishes have been carefully translated into a square designed as a composition of green shards. These green shards distinguish different functional zones and guide the pathways to and from the station entrance. The result is a well-arranged, safe square that simultaneously and harmoniously offers space to people’s, skate and traffic movements as well as calm and pleasant spots to rest and relax, meet and greet.

▼园林景观设计过程 Design Process

最环境生态 The greenest
广场25%的规划面积都种植了绿色园林植物，所选的植被也都精心考虑了气候变化的后果，多年生园林植物和树木都耐热抗旱。树叶提供阴凉，阻挡阳光，降低温度和热应力。开花园林植物为传粉者和蝴蝶增加了生物多样性。
以园林景观建筑规划设计前种下的新树随着岁月的增长现已长大；陪伴它的也有许多绿色植被，赋予这个现代广场带有春意生机性格。高大树干中不乏有日本槐树，清漆树，金合欢树和肯塔基咖啡树等，给广场与上众多高楼大厦的带来原始魅力。高密度的多年生园林植物如长春花，锥花，猫薄荷和紫草等，限制了杂草的生长。在长期的维护下，蝴蝶灌木环绕着滑冰公园景观设计，球茎也被种植在边界和草地上。从二月到十月，在所有这些树木和园林植物中，始终有一些会在工业花园开花。哪怕在冬天。树给广场提供装饰性作业，也拉进了参与者与广场的距离感，鸟类也栖息于此。
Almost 25% of the square consists of greenery. The chosen vegetation carefully takes into account the consequences of climate change. So perennials and trees are heat and drought resistant. The leaves of the trees offer shade, they break the sun light and diminish temperature and heat stress. Nectar bearing trees for pollinators and host 场地ts for butterflies increase biodiversity.
The new trees already had quite big sizes; perennials were 场地ted in high density. Therefore, already in the first season the square has an exuberant green character. The tall multi- and high trunk trees (among others Japanese pagoda trees, the varnish tree, acacia’s and Kentucky Coffee trees) give the square with its many high buildings a charismatic look and feel. The high density of perennials (among others periwinkle, coneflower, catmint and comfrey) limit the growth of weeds and therefore maintenance. Butterfly-bushes surround the skate park and bulbs are 场地ted in borders and grass. Among all these trees and 场地ts in each season, from February till October, at least some of them are flowering at the Industrieplein. Even in winter. Then fruit bearing trees give the square an ornamental touch while also providing a nice meal to birds.

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广场中最具有创新设计方面的园林景观设计，是其全新的水体园林景观设计。它连接了两条现有的河道，将旧下水道水体转变成了纯净水。由于小溪水位较低，所以园林景观建筑规划设计不时会有水出现在广场上，往下还会流到街面。
小溪的两岸种植了草坪和花卉球茎园林植物。混凝土边缘将水从路面上隔开，同时也起到了座椅的作用。集成智能照明在水边营造出一种特殊的氛围。
水的存在不仅美丽诱参与者，还同时具有设计功能性和可生态可持续性。在下大雨的时候，溪流起到蓄水和排水的作用，水位波动溢出来的水也能够用于灌溉植被，促进生长。

One of the most innovative aspects of the Industrieplein is a new water course that links two existing streams. This new waterway has been realized by adapting an old sewer for clean water. Since the stream is low leveled, now and then the water appears on the square to dive again underneath street level a bit further on.
The banks of the stream consist of grass and flowery bulbs. Concrete edges separate the water from the pavement and function as seats as well. Integrated smart lighting creates a special atmosphere at the waterside.
The presence of water is not only beautiful and inviting, it is also functional and sustainable. So in times of heavy rain the stream retains and drains water. The fluctuation of water levels also facilitates a wide variety of vegetation.

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在亨格洛建立中央滑板公园景观设计是当地滑板基金会的夙愿，如今，这个愿望已在绿意盎然的生态环境中完美达成。在所有其他设计功能中，1000平方米的溜冰场在广场上获得了一个不言而喻的位置。自开放以园林景观建筑规划设计来，这个滑板公园景观设计一直是该地区及周围其他地区的首选滑冰场所。
溜冰场的自然融合展示了合作和创造力是如何为每个参与者创造一个广场的，不论是年轻参与者和老年参与者，还是路参与者和其他使用者，又或是对于行参与者和交通，水和绿色园林植物。从这个意义上说，工业区不仅连接了亨格罗的两个城区，还连接了居民和游客，增进了参与者与参与者的情感。

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