乡村客厅建筑-蕉岭棚屋|景观建筑案例
▼鳥瞰圖，Aerial view ©趙奕龍
▼建築外觀，Exterior view ©趙奕龍
▼連接與對話，Connection and conversation ©趙奕龍
我們試圖通過這次實踐，實驗一種新秩序的可能性。這種新秩序來自兩個類型的結合，一種是蕉嶺地區最普遍的傳統建築：圍龍屋。另一種是當地大量出現的民間自發建構：屋頂棚子。
We experimented a combination of two styles in this project: a common local traditional architecture style– “Wei Long” house, and roof shades built by the locals.
▼棚子調研，Research on roof shades built by the locals ©造作建築设计工作室
組織 | Organization
在設計起始之前，原場地東側已有一組相對完好的老祠堂。我們將其與門前的池塘保留，作為軸心，其餘的破敗房屋需拆除重建。
We preserved the ancestral shrine and the pond to the east of the site, which serve as the axis of the project; and demolished other run-down structures.
▼場地組織，Site organization ©造作建築设计工作室
根據半圓軸心的輻射，我們讓新建築在南、西、北三側建立圍合，西南角入，西北角出，新老建築間的過渡區域形成內院。
The new structure is designed with a “C” shape according to the radial axis, where its southwest corner serves as the entry and northwest corner as exit. The transitional area between the old and new becomes a courtyard.
▼總平草圖，General plan sketch ©造作建築设计工作室
▼場地俯瞰，Site overlooking ©趙奕龍
這是一個自然而然的精神場所。在客家民居體系中，水是最重要的精神要素之一，所以园林景观建筑规划设计我們決定在此放置一個淺水魚塘。再以园林景观建筑规划设计塘邊閒亭的方式，重塑原本位於此處的破敗房屋。
Water is an important spiritual element for the locals, so we decided to add a shallow fishpond, and in turn, reproduced the place’s original ambience with thoughtful placemaking – a place of spiritual significance.
▼內院，The courtyard ©趙奕龍
這個閒亭以园林景观建筑规划设计生土營造技術作為“圍合”，以园林景观建筑规划设计框砼作為“骨架”，再通過T型鋼挑件，使木構屋頂架於其上。
The cabin uses traditional rammed earth as its skin, reinforced concrete frame as its bones, and T shaped steel beams to support its wooden roof fafters.
▼亭子爆炸圖，Diagram ©造作建築设计工作室
▼閒亭光影，The cabin ©趙奕龍
再造 | Rethink
在此之上，我們增加了兩則在田野調查中發現的，有趣的偶然機制。一是“屋頂斜線”。我們將新建築的三段屋頂都附於不同的屋脊斜率與簷口斜率，同時互相覆蓋疊加。試圖设计利用這種屋簷屋脊的不平行關係，破壞固化的村落天際線。
In addition, we added a couple of interesting features found during our field study – All three roofs have overlapping, slanted roof ridges and soffits. They help to break the monotonous skyline of the village.
▼“屋頂斜線”，打破固化天際線，Slanted roof ridges， break the monotonous skyline of the village ©趙奕龍
▼屋頂細部，Detailed views of the roof ©趙奕龍
其二是“立面遞進”。即將每一開間作為一個單元體，沿著軸線按一定規律變化，形成立面構成規則。隨著屋頂的傾斜，建築正製造著自己的韻律。
▼立面草圖，Facade sketch ©造作建築设计工作室
▼牆身軸測，Axonometric drawing of the wall ©造作建築设计工作室
The other feature is the progressive transition of facade – the exterior of each bay turns slightly from the next, creating a unique rhythm with the slanted roof.
▼“立面遞進”，韻律，The progressive transition of facade ©趙奕龍
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▼牆身大樣，Wall details ©造作建築设计工作室
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棚屋 | Cabin
出於對建築語意的來源與再創造的糾結，我們在建造過程中嘗試了多重的不確定性，試圖探討精神、屋頂、圍合與地台的關係：池塘與地台的融合方式；不同斜率、挑簷、遮蔽率的屋頂覆蓋；木構、竹編、磚砌，配合不同梯度、折疊的編織方式等等。
Trying to find the origin of, and the appropriate interpretation of the architectural semantics, we experimented with a variety of ways to understand relationships – spirit, roof, enclosure and ground plane; the connection between the fishpond and its surrounding pavement; different slopes of the roof and their opening percentage; the dialogue between wood, bamboo, masonry; and their interpolation.
▼閒亭，對不同工藝的探討，The cabin，discussion on different craft ©趙奕龍
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▼廊橋私語，The corridor and bridge ©趙奕龍
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▼竹橋——螺旋穿梭，Shuttle in the bamboo bridge ©趙奕龍
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▼竹構——編織光影，Bamboo cage，weaving light and shadow ©趙奕龍
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最終，我們還是將其呈現出來。期待歲月之後，它能够逐漸被鄉村消解、同化。
We put the building together, with the hope that it will eventually be weaved and absorbed into the dynamic fabric of the country side
▼西望，View from the west field to the building ©趙奕龍
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▼竹構節點，Bamboo landscape structures ©趙奕龍
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▼肌理總圖，Site texture ©造作建築设计工作室
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▼場地總圖，Master Plan ©造作建築设计工作室
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▼一層平面，1F plan ©造作建築设计工作室
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▼二層平面，2F plan ©造作建築设计工作室
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▼立面圖和剖面圖，Elevations and sections ©造作建築设计工作室
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▼場地剖透視圖，Site sectional perspective view ©造作建築设计工作室
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▼竹構節點，Bamboo landscape structures ©造作建築设计工作室
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項目名稱：蕉嶺棚屋
設計方：造作建築设计工作室
设计公司網站：http://www.zaozuodesign.com/
聯繫郵箱：1260297209@qq.com
項目設計 & 完成年份：2018 & 2019
主創及設計團隊：沈悅、戴文竹、包瑩、盛仁、雷金劍
項目地址：廣東省梅州市 蕉嶺縣蕉城鎮龍安村
建築面積：1992.3m²
攝影版權：趙奕龍
客戶：卓創鄉建
Project name: Jiao Ling Cabin
Design: ZAOZUO ARCHITECTURE STUDIO
Website: http://www.zaozuodesign.com/
Contact e-mail: 1260297209@qq.com
Design year & Completion Year: 2018 & 2019
Leader designer & Team: Shen Yue,Dai Wenzhu & Bao Ying, Sheng Ren, Lei Jinjian
Project location: Longan Village, Jiaocheng, Jiaoling, Meizhou, Guangdong Province, China
Gross Built Area (square meters): 1992.3m²
Photo credits: Zhao Yilong
Clients:ZHUOCHUANG RURAL CONSTRUCTION
More：作建築设计工作室
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